The Green Vault of Dresden is one of Europe’s leading museums as well as one of the most important collections of treasures in the world. Set up between 1723 and 1729 by the Elector of Saxony and King of Poland, Augustus the Strong, the Green Vault contains an extensive collection of objets d'art and jewels: gold and silverware , precious objects made of amber and ivory, works of art in rock crystal as well as an exceptional collection of jewels. Thanks to very active patrons, unique works were created for the Court of Saxony by the most talented artists of the time. From the very outset, the collection and the architectural design of the building it was housed in formed a harmonious unit. These vaulted rooms, which were painted green, were named the Grünes Gewölbe or the Green Vault.

At the start of the Second World War, the collection was taken to a safe place, but was nevertheless confiscated by the Russians in 1945. It was returned to East Germany in 1958 and later returned to Dresden Castle in 2006.